What is it?
An anechoic chamber is a room built with special walls that are designed to absorb reflections of sound known as echoes, "anechoic" is a latin word which means no echo, they are also insulated from outside sources of noise.
What is it for?
Some ideal uses of anechoic chambers are testing the response of loadspeakers or microphones because the room size does not affect the measurements as there is no echo off the walls to interfere. It is also the best place to record music with no background interference as there is no room sound. There are also psychology experiments to see how humans react to hearing nothing but themselves.
How is it made?
The background noise level in an anechoic chamber is immensely low. External sound is prevented from getting into the room by physical isolation of the structure, by elaborate acoustical filters in the ventilating ducts, and by thick masonry walls to prevent sound getting into the room.
To remove reflections from the walls of the chamber every surface is covered with absorptive material, such as glass fibre or mineral wool in blankets or in horizontal and vertical wedges. Ceiling and floor are similarly padded.
Sometimes the entire room rests on shock absorbers negating any vibration from the rest of the building or outisde.
Conclusion.
Anechoic chamers can range in size from the size of a household oven to as large as aircraft hangers, the size of the chamber depends on the size of the objects that are to be tested in it.
No anechoic chamber is perfect. It helps to build the room as large as possible: the inverse square law dictates that sound energy will dissipate, so each square foot of internal surface will have less energy to absorb. Conversely, a smaller room will require more or better sound absorption material to have the same effect.
They are the best place to record music without background noise, recording artists may want them built.
http://www.meyersound.com/products/technology/chamber.htm
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